AuSSA 2023 CodeBook
Adam Zammit
2025-08-18
This page contains a summary of the data available in the AuSSA 2023 - National Identity and Citizenship.
To make sense of the variable names - please refer to the questionnaire
The complete data set will be avaialble to download shortly from the Australian Data Archive
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
warning = TRUE, # show warnings during codebook generation
message = TRUE, # show messages during codebook generation
error = TRUE, # do not interrupt codebook generation in case of errors,
# usually better for debugging
echo = TRUE # show R code
)
ggplot2::theme_set(ggplot2::theme_bw())library(codebook)
# to import an SPSS file from the same folder uncomment and edit the line below
library(haven)
library(sjlabelled)##
## Attaching package: 'sjlabelled'## The following objects are masked from 'package:haven':
##
## as_factor, read_sas, read_spss, read_stata, write_sas, zap_labels## The following objects are masked from 'package:codebook':
##
## as_factor, to_factor, val_labels## The following object is masked from 'package:usethis':
##
## tidy_labels#codebook_data <- read_spss("aussa2022-codebook.sav")
codebook_data <- rio::import("aussa2023-codebook.sav")
#Recode can't choose to be sequential
#for (col in colnames(codebook_data)) {
# if (!is.null(get_labels(codebook_data[[col]],attr.only=TRUE))) {
# labs <- get_labels(codebook_data[[col]],attr.only=TRUE)
# vals <- get_values(codebook_data[[col]])
# locator <- grep('choose',labs,ignore.case=TRUE)
# if (length(locator) != 0) {
# codebook_data[[col]] <- remove_labels(codebook_data[[col]],labels = labs[locator])
# mval <- max(vals[-locator]) + 1
# codebook_data[[col]] <- add_labels(codebook_data[[col]], labels = setNames(mval,labs[locator]))
# codebook_data[[col]][codebook_data[[col]]==vals[locator]] <- mval
# }
# }
#}
# for Stata
# codebook_data <- rio::import("mydata.dta")
# for CSV
# codebook_data <- rio::import("mydata.csv")
# omit the following lines, if your missing values are already properly labelled
codebook_data <- detect_missing(codebook_data,
only_labelled = TRUE, # only labelled values are autodetected as
# missing
negative_values_are_missing = FALSE, # negative values are missing values
ninety_nine_problems = TRUE, # 99/999 are missing values, if they
# are more than 5 MAD from the median
)
# If you are not using formr, the codebook package needs to guess which items
# form a scale. The following line finds item aggregates with names like this:
# scale = scale_1 + scale_2R + scale_3R
# identifying these aggregates allows the codebook function to
# automatically compute reliabilities.
# However, it will not reverse items automatically.
#codebook_data <- detect_scales(codebook_data)metadata(codebook_data)$name <- "Australian Survey of Social Attitudes 2023 - National Identity and Citizenship"
metadata(codebook_data)$description <- "The Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) is Australia's main source of data for the scientific study of the social attitudes, beliefs and opinions of Australians, how they change over time, and how they compare with other societies. The survey is used to help researchers better understand how Australians think and feel about their lives. It produces important information about the changing views and attitudes of Australians as we move through the 21st century. Similar surveys are run in other countries, so data from the AuSSA also allows us to compare Australia with countries all over the world. The aims of the survey are to discover: the range of Australians’ views on topics that are important to all of us; how these views differ for people in different circumstances; how they have changed over the past quarter century; and how they compare with people in other countries. AuSSA is also the Australian component of the International Social Survey Project (ISSP). The ISSP is a cross-national collaboration on surveys covering important topics. Each year, survey researchers in some 40 countries each do a national survey using the same questions. The ISSP focuses on a special topic each year, repeating that topic from time to time. The topic for this survey is 'National Identity and Citizenship'. This is a combined module of questions from both the previous 'National Identity', and 'Citizenship' modules. This is to allow for a new module 'Digital Societies' which is expected to run in 2024."
metadata(codebook_data)$identifier <- ""
metadata(codebook_data)$datePublished <- "2025-08-18"
metadata(codebook_data)$creator <- list(
"@type" = "Person",
givenName = "Adam", familyName = "Zammit",
email = "adam.zammit@acspri.org.au",
affiliation = list("@type" = "Organization",
name = "Australian Consortium for Social and Political Research Incorporated (ACSPRI)"))
metadata(codebook_data)$citation <- "ACSPRI (2025). AuSSA 2023 Codebook."
metadata(codebook_data)$url <- "https://www.acspri.org.au/sites/acspri.org.au/files/aussa2023codebook.html"
metadata(codebook_data)$temporalCoverage <- "2025"
metadata(codebook_data)$spatialCoverage <- "Australia" codebook(codebook_data)Metadata
Description
Dataset name: Australian Survey of Social Attitudes 2023 - National Identity and Citizenship
The Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) is Australia’s main source of data for the scientific study of the social attitudes, beliefs and opinions of Australians, how they change over time, and how they compare with other societies. The survey is used to help researchers better understand how Australians think and feel about their lives. It produces important information about the changing views and attitudes of Australians as we move through the 21st century. Similar surveys are run in other countries, so data from the AuSSA also allows us to compare Australia with countries all over the world. The aims of the survey are to discover: the range of Australians’ views on topics that are important to all of us; how these views differ for people in different circumstances; how they have changed over the past quarter century; and how they compare with people in other countries. AuSSA is also the Australian component of the International Social Survey Project (ISSP). The ISSP is a cross-national collaboration on surveys covering important topics. Each year, survey researchers in some 40 countries each do a national survey using the same questions. The ISSP focuses on a special topic each year, repeating that topic from time to time. The topic for this survey is ‘National Identity and Citizenship’. This is a combined module of questions from both the previous ‘National Identity’, and ‘Citizenship’ modules. This is to allow for a new module ‘Digital Societies’ which is expected to run in 2024.
Metadata for search engines
Temporal Coverage: 2025
Spatial Coverage: Australia
Citation: ACSPRI (2025). AuSSA 2023 Codebook.
URL: https://www.acspri.org.au/sites/acspri.org.au/files/aussa2023codebook.html
Identifier:
Date published: 2025-08-18
Creator:
| name | value |
|---|---|
| @type | Person |
| givenName | Adam |
| familyName | Zammit |
| adam.zammit@acspri.org.au | |
| affiliation | Organization , Australian Consortium for Social and Political Research Incorporated (ACSPRI) |
|
Variables
A1_A
Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to have been born in Australia.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A1_A
44 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1_A | Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to have been born in Australia. | numeric | 44 | 0.956 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2.751046 | 1.057879 | ▅▅▁▇▆ | F2.0 |
Missing value types
Plot of missing values for A1_A
Value labels
| name | value |
|---|---|
| Very important | 1 |
| Fairly important | 2 |
| Not very important | 3 |
| Not important at al | 4 |
| [98] Cant choose | NA |
A1_B
Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to have Australian citizenship.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A1_B
35 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1_B | Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to have Australian citizenship. | numeric | 35 | 0.965 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1.612435 | 0.809084 | ▇▅▁▁▁ | F2.0 |
Missing value types
Plot of missing values for A1_B
Value labels
| name | value |
|---|---|
| Very important | 1 |
| Fairly important | 2 |
| Not very important | 3 |
| Not important at al | 4 |
| [98] Cant choose | NA |
A1_C
Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to be a Christian.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A1_C
54 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1_C | Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to be a Christian. | numeric | 54 | 0.946 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3.400634 | 0.9601365 | ▁▁▁▂▇ | F2.0 |
Missing value types
Plot of missing values for A1_C
Value labels
| name | value |
|---|---|
| Very important | 1 |
| Fairly important | 2 |
| Not very important | 3 |
| Not important at al | 4 |
| [98] Cant choose | NA |
A1_D
Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to respect Australian political institutions and laws.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A1_D
45 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1_D | Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to respect Australian political institutions and laws. | numeric | 45 | 0.955 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1.297382 | 0.6035738 | ▇▂▁▁▁ | F2.0 |
Missing value types
Plot of missing values for A1_D
Value labels
| name | value |
|---|---|
| Very important | 1 |
| Fairly important | 2 |
| Not very important | 3 |
| Not important at al | 4 |
| [98] Cant choose | NA |
A1_E
Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to feel Australian.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A1_E
55 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1_E | Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to feel Australian. | numeric | 55 | 0.945 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1.606349 | 0.7699067 | ▇▅▁▂▁ | F2.0 |
Missing value types
Plot of missing values for A1_E
Value labels
| name | value |
|---|---|
| Very important | 1 |
| Fairly important | 2 |
| Not very important | 3 |
| Not important at al | 4 |
| [98] Cant choose | NA |
A1_F
Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to have Australian ancestry.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A1_F
56 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1_F | Some people say that the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important.How important do you think each of the following is… : to have Australian ancestry. | numeric | 56 | 0.944 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3.206568 | 0.93858 | ▂▂▁▆▇ | F2.0 |
Missing value types
Plot of missing values for A1_F
Value labels
| name | value |
|---|---|
| Very important | 1 |
| Fairly important | 2 |
| Not very important | 3 |
| Not important at al | 4 |
| [98] Cant choose | NA |
A2_A
How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements? : I would rather be a citizen of Australia than of any other country in the world.
Distribution
Distribution of values for A2_A
42 missing values.
Summary statistics
| name | label | data_type | n_missing | complete_rate | min | median | max | mean | sd | hist | format.spss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A2_A | How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements? : I would rather be a citizen of Australia than of any other country in the world. | numeric | 42 | 0.958 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1.746347 | 0.9219047 | ▇▅▂▁▁ | F2.0 |