AuSSA 2024 CodeBook

This page contains a summary of the data available in the AuSSA 2024 - Digital Socities.

To make sense of the variable names - please refer to the questionnaire

The complete data set will be available to download shortly from the Australian Data Archive

knitr::opts_chunk$set(
  warning = TRUE, # show warnings during codebook generation
  message = TRUE, # show messages during codebook generation
  error = TRUE, # do not interrupt codebook generation in case of errors,
                # usually better for debugging
  echo = TRUE  # show R code
)
ggplot2::theme_set(ggplot2::theme_bw())

library(codebook)
# to import an SPSS file from the same folder uncomment and edit the line below

library(haven)
library(sjlabelled)

#codebook_data <- read_spss("aussa2022-codebook.sav")
codebook_data <- rio::import("aussa2024-codebook.sav")

#Recode can't choose to be sequential
#for (col in colnames(codebook_data)) {
#   if (!is.null(get_labels(codebook_data[[col]],attr.only=TRUE))) {
#       labs <- get_labels(codebook_data[[col]],attr.only=TRUE)
#       vals <- get_values(codebook_data[[col]])
#       locator <- grep('choose',labs,ignore.case=TRUE)
#       if (length(locator) != 0) {
#           codebook_data[[col]] <- remove_labels(codebook_data[[col]],labels = labs[locator])
#           mval <- max(vals[-locator]) + 1
#           codebook_data[[col]] <- add_labels(codebook_data[[col]], labels = setNames(mval,labs[locator]))
#           codebook_data[[col]][codebook_data[[col]]==vals[locator]] <- mval
#       }
#   }
#}

# for Stata
# codebook_data <- rio::import("mydata.dta")
# for CSV
# codebook_data <- rio::import("mydata.csv")


# omit the following lines, if your missing values are already properly labelled
codebook_data <- detect_missing(codebook_data,
    only_labelled = TRUE, # only labelled values are autodetected as
                                   # missing
    negative_values_are_missing = FALSE, # negative values are missing values
    ninety_nine_problems = TRUE,   # 99/999 are missing values, if they
                                   # are more than 5 MAD from the median
    )

# If you are not using formr, the codebook package needs to guess which items
# form a scale. The following line finds item aggregates with names like this:
# scale = scale_1 + scale_2R + scale_3R
# identifying these aggregates allows the codebook function to
# automatically compute reliabilities.
# However, it will not reverse items automatically.
#codebook_data <- detect_scales(codebook_data)

metadata(codebook_data)$name <- "Australian Survey of Social Attitudes 2024 - Digital Societies"
metadata(codebook_data)$description <- "The Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) is Australia's main source of data for the scientific study of the social attitudes, beliefs and opinions of Australians, how they change over time, and how they compare with other societies. The survey is used to help researchers better understand how Australians think and feel about their lives. It produces important information about the changing views and attitudes of Australians as we move through the 21st century. Similar surveys are run in other countries, so data from the AuSSA also allows us to compare Australia with countries all over the world. The aims of the survey are to discover: the range of Australians’ views on topics that are important to all of us; how these views differ for people in different circumstances; how they have changed over the past quarter century; and how they compare with people in other countries. AuSSA is also the Australian component of the International Social Survey Project (ISSP). The ISSP is a cross-national collaboration on surveys covering important topics. Each year, survey researchers in some 40 countries each do a national survey using the same questions. The ISSP focuses on a special topic each year, repeating that topic from time to time. The topic for this survey is 'Digital Societies'. This is a new module of questions that has not been previously asked."
metadata(codebook_data)$identifier <- ""
metadata(codebook_data)$datePublished <- "2026-01-20"
metadata(codebook_data)$creator <- list(
      "@type" = "Person",
      givenName = "Adam", familyName = "Zammit",
      email = "adam.zammit@acspri.org.au", 
      affiliation = list("@type" = "Organization",
        name = "Australian Consortium for Social and Political Research Incorporated (ACSPRI)"))
metadata(codebook_data)$citation <- "ACSPRI (2026). AuSSA 2024 Codebook."
metadata(codebook_data)$url <- "https://www.acspri.org.au/sites/acspri.org.au/files/aussa2024codebook.html"
metadata(codebook_data)$temporalCoverage <- "2025" 
metadata(codebook_data)$spatialCoverage <- "Australia" 

codebook(codebook_data)

Metadata

Description

Dataset name: Australian Survey of Social Attitudes 2024 - Digital Societies

The Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA) is Australia’s main source of data for the scientific study of the social attitudes, beliefs and opinions of Australians, how they change over time, and how they compare with other societies. The survey is used to help researchers better understand how Australians think and feel about their lives. It produces important information about the changing views and attitudes of Australians as we move through the 21st century. Similar surveys are run in other countries, so data from the AuSSA also allows us to compare Australia with countries all over the world. The aims of the survey are to discover: the range of Australians’ views on topics that are important to all of us; how these views differ for people in different circumstances; how they have changed over the past quarter century; and how they compare with people in other countries. AuSSA is also the Australian component of the International Social Survey Project (ISSP). The ISSP is a cross-national collaboration on surveys covering important topics. Each year, survey researchers in some 40 countries each do a national survey using the same questions. The ISSP focuses on a special topic each year, repeating that topic from time to time. The topic for this survey is ‘Digital Societies’. This is a new module of questions that has not been previously asked.

Metadata for search engines

• Temporal Coverage: 2025

• Spatial Coverage: Australia

• Citation: ACSPRI (2026). AuSSA 2024 Codebook.

• URL: https://www.acspri.org.au/sites/acspri.org.au/files/aussa2024codebook.html

• Identifier:

• Date published: 2026-01-20

• Creator:

name	value
@type	Person
givenName	Adam
familyName	Zammit
email	adam.zammit@acspri.org.au
affiliation	Organization , Australian Consortium for Social and Political Research Incorporated (ACSPRI)

x A1 A2_A A2_B A2_C A2_D A2_E A2_F A2_G A2_H A2_I A2_J A2_K A2_L A3 A4 A5 A6_A A6_B A6_C A7 A8 A9 A10_A A10_B A10_C A10_D A11_A A11_B A11_C A11_D A11_E A11_F A12_A A12_B A13_A A13_B A13_C A14 A15_A A15_B A16 A17_A A17_B A17_C A18 A19 A20 A21_A A21_B A21_C A21_D A21_E A22 A23_A A23_B A23_C A23_D A23_E A24 A25 A26_A A26_B A27 A28_A A28_B A29_A A29_B A30 A31 A32 A33 A34 A35 A36_A A36_B A36_C A36_D A36_E B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 H1_A H2_A K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 K8 K9 K10_A K10_B K11 K12 K13 K14 K15ANZSCO1 K17ANZSIC1 K18 K19 K20 K21 K22 K23 K24ANZSCO1 K26ANZSIC1 K27 K28 K29 K30 K31 K32 K33 K34 K35 K36 K37 K38 K39 K41 K42_a K42_b K42_c K42_d K43 K44 K45 K48 K49 K50 K51 K52 K53 K54 K55 K56

Variables

A1

During the last 12 months, how often, if at all, did you typically use the Internet on any device whether for work or personal use? If you are uncertain about your usage, please select the answer that comes closest to your use. :

Distribution

Distribution of values for A1

12 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A1	During the last 12 months, how often, if at all, did you typically use the Internet on any device whether for work or personal use? If you are uncertain about your usage, please select the answer that comes closest to your use. :	numeric	12	0.9883041	1	2	7	1.963511	1.226416	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Almost all the time	1
Several times a day	2
Once a day	3
Several times a week	4
Several times a month	5
Less often	6
Never	7

A2_A

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is not available to me

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_A

936 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_A	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is not available to me	numeric	936	0.0877193	1	2	8	2.033333	1.524703	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_B

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet connection is poor

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_B

936 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_B	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet connection is poor	numeric	936	0.0877193	1	2	8	2.055556	1.80113	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_C

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is too expensive

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_C

940 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_C	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is too expensive	numeric	940	0.0838207	1	2	8	2.511628	1.914306	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_D

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I worry about Internet security and privacy

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_D

934 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_D	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I worry about Internet security and privacy	numeric	934	0.0896686	1	2	8	1.967391	1.673655	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_E

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is not important or useful for me

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_E

941 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_E	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is not important or useful for me	numeric	941	0.082846	1	2	8	2.294118	1.764893	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_F

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is not for people of my age

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_F

943 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_F	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is not for people of my age	numeric	943	0.0808967	1	2	8	2.445783	1.856124	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_G

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is difficult for me to use

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_G

942 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_G	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The Internet is difficult for me to use	numeric	942	0.0818713	1	2	8	2.27381	1.638036	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_H

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I do not want to use the Internet

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_H

936 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_H	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I do not want to use the Internet	numeric	936	0.0877193	1	2	8	2.111111	1.64518	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_I

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I have difficulty reading or writing

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_I

947 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_I	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I have difficulty reading or writing	numeric	947	0.0769981	1	2	8	2.265823	1.346495	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_J

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I am too busy to use the Internet

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_J

943 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_J	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : I am too busy to use the Internet	numeric	943	0.0808967	1	2	8	2.349398	1.762992	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_K

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The authorities restrict access to the Internet in Australia

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_K

948 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_K	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : The authorities restrict access to the Internet in Australia	numeric	948	0.0760234	1	2	8	2.448718	1.616855	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A2_L

Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : Other reasons

Distribution

Distribution of values for A2_L

970 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A2_L	Which of the following are reasons you have not used the Internet in the last 12 months? : Other reasons	numeric	970	0.0545809	1	2	8	3.035714	2.342992	▇▁▁▁▂	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Yes	1
No	2
Can’t choose	8

A3

In the last 12 months how often, if at all, did you ask someone to do something for you on the Internet on your behalf, such as sending an email, getting information or shopping online? :

Distribution

Distribution of values for A3

874 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A3	In the last 12 months how often, if at all, did you ask someone to do something for you on the Internet on your behalf, such as sending an email, getting information or shopping online? :	numeric	874	0.1481481	1	2	3	1.809211	0.7697385	▇▁▇▁▅	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Not at all	1
Once or twice	2
More often	3
Can’t choose	8

A4

If you needed to do something on the Internet in the near future, how likely is it that someone will do it for you? :

Distribution

Distribution of values for A4

875 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A4	If you needed to do something on the Internet in the near future, how likely is it that someone will do it for you? :	numeric	875	0.1471735	1	4	8	3.099338	1.526455	▆▂▇▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Very likely	1
Rather likely	2
Rather unlikely	3
Very unlikely	4
Can’t choose	8

A5

How likely is it that you will personally use the Internet in the next 12 months? :

Distribution

Distribution of values for A5

880 missing values.

Summary statistics

name	label	data_type	n_missing	complete_rate	min	median	max	mean	sd	hist	format.spss
A5	How likely is it that you will personally use the Internet in the next 12 months? :	numeric	880	0.1423002	1	1	8	1.630137	1.197778	▇▁▁▁▁	F1.0

Value labels

Response choices

name	value
Very likely	1
Rather likely	2
Rather unlikely	3
Very unlikely	4
Can’t choose	8

A6_A

How often, if at all, do you typically use the Internet on any device at the following locations for any reason? : At home

Distribution